WEEK 9 (FYP 2)

WEEK 9

Etching to complete PCB.

After designing the PCB using Ares it’s time to do the etching process to complete the PCB board. Figure 2.18 below show the etching process using toner transfer method to the board. There are many way to etching the PCB but to cut cost in this final year project used toner transfer method. After finish the etching the board can be solder all the component to the board.

Figure above show the toner have been transferred to the bottom layer that is copper layer using an iron. After transfer the toner, the etching poses can be start. Figure bellow show the etching process to remove uncover copper layer using ferric chloride.

WEEK 8 (FYP 2)

WEEK 8

Circuit Construction PCB using Ares PCB layout.

Ares is a software that is being used to construct printed circuit board (PCB)

Figure  show the construction of PCB using software Ares that already build in the software of proteus. 

Figure above show the PCB design that is constructed can be view in 3D mode. In 3D mode its can be reference in placing the component and the space between component can be adjusted earlier so that is easy to place in real hardware soon

PCB construction of the power supply to the microcontroller with 5 volt output voltage.

PCB construction of the H-bridge as a driver of motor control. 

WEEK 7 (FYP 2)

WEEK 7

                                                           Hardware block diagram 

            

For this project, figure above shows a block diagram on how the system is declare as a input or output. These projects have 1 inputs which are analog signal from current transducer that is being converted to digital signal. The reason why the signal from current transducer is converted to digital signal is because microcontroller understand in digital signal only that is 8 bit. Output for these project is LCD and relay. Relay is used to drive the motor otherwise LCD is to display the current that pass through current traducer.

Design the circuit and programming.

The hardware implementation includes the construction of the circuit design of the system which includes configuration of current transducer, LCD display, and single pole double throw relay and H-bridge motor control.

Design the circuit using ISIS proteus professional 7.

Circuit for micro controller

By referring to the figure above there are stated the important ports description used in this project. The port actually is depending on how to design and which port will be used. It need to follow which port is declare during create the code. It is important to make sure that when compile the simulation each port will be active. Table 2 below show the description of each port at microcontroller atmel 89S52

Circuit for ADC

above figure shows the port used for the ADC and it is connected to atmel 89S52. The voltage reference is set to 2.5V and pin 6 is connected to output of the sensor used.

Circuit for LCD 16x2

figure show the configuration of the LCD 16x2. For the pin no 3 is connected straight to the ground to get maximum contrast.

Circuit for H-Bridge Motor Control

Figure  show the schematic diagram of H bridge motor control. The configuration of the H-bridge is to control forward and reverse of DC motor. And the motor that is used for this project is power windows motor. MOSFET transistor used is P-Channel IRF9540N at the top and N-Channel IRFZ44N on the bottom. IRF9540 has the ability to skip a current of 23A and 40A of IRFZ44N. With a maximum voltage of 24V. The use of a motor driver MOSFET is often applied to the motor driving the world of robotics. The switch above will connected to the port microcontroller and the motor will control by the microcontroller to be forward and reverse.

Circuit for Relay Motor Control Motor Control

Figure  show the schematic relay motor control. Relay is one of the method to control forward and reverse of the motor. Figure 3.9 show there is 2 relay of single pole double throw used to control forward and reverse of the motor. Capacitor C1 and C2 is used to filter the current so that there is no spark and reduced arced when switching the relay off and on.

WEEK 6 (FYP2)

WEEK 6

Finding Suitable Sensor to measured current

In finding the suitable sensor to be implement at the project the range of the of electrical signal need to be measured is important, so that the suitable sensor is chosen to measured. For this project there are many suitable sensor to read the current that pass through the power windows motor. The range of the current can be read by the sensor is from 0A to 30. Table  below show the reliability of choosing the suitable current sensor

Referring to table the suitable current sensor for this project is acs756 that have all the requirement to be the chosen one. In addition ACS756 have the rage of sensing current from 0 to 50A which is batter then all other sensor that have limitation of rage. 

WEEK 5 (FYP 2)

WEEK 5

METHODOLOGY

To build up the project, methodology is very important because the each process build up the system and project will be state through this methodology part. Method means how the way machine is formed from the beginning until the end. The block diagram, flow chart coding, function each components will be explained in detail for each block, and the development hardware also stated properly in this chapter. However and task exercise must carry out this process in one form or another. Methodology may be a description of process, or maybe expanded to include a philosophically coherent collection of theories, concept or ideas as they relate to a particular discipline or filed of inquiry.

THE ABOVE FLOW CHAT IS MY METHODOLOGY THAT I NEED TO FLOW DURING DEVELOPMENT OF SAFETY POWER WINDOWS SYSTEM

WEEK 4 (FYP 2)

WEEK 4



IN THIS WEEK I DO LITERATURE REVIEW TO STUDY ABOUT PREVIOUS WORK

The present work

 is closed related to the previous work but the approach is totally different. To designing power windows safety system is only focusing and developing the system which is try to make an evolution to make it more simple and safe to be used to all user. It will differ with other project system especially in term of the design software architecture and motor drivers.

Throughout of this project is monitoring by micro-controller which is selected Atmel AT89S52. This micro-controller is been selected because it is compulsory to learn in British Malaysian Institute (BMI), due to the subject taken to all electrical student.  Actually the design for electronic device can be anything depending on how the describe and assemble with electronic device. But for this project, Atmel AT89S52 is selected according to hence skill during study and it is very famous when talking about micro-controller. Furthermore, it is small and easy to code. Definition for the instruction set is a list of all commands and their corresponding functions. The Atmel AT89S52 will step through a program that can simulate the result in program call Proteus professional. The program code is can be write in assembly language or c language for this microprocessor and the software for compiling the program is keil uvision5 is used to compiling the program and looking for the error in the code. This allows the faster in simulating the hardware of the microprocessor. To burn the program into the microcontroller the software ProgIsp is used. To burn the Atmel AT89S52, 8051 Mini Kit-board is used by just plug in the 8051 Mini Kit-board to the usb port and run the software of ProgIsp.

Review of history

The function of the history is to identify the project whether it has been invented those days or not. It is acknowledgement that once upon a time, there are people who already came up with the same idea of power windows safety. Inventors those days discover that there are some other methods that can be implemented. That is the function why review in history is needed. It is to make sure that the project to be implemented is developing by the new.

 There is reason why literature review is needed in the project. It is to make further research and to make sure that the project that is in progress is not the same as the previous project. In the other words, it should be an improvement of the previous invention project. It is either modifies the existing project or came up with the new invention ideas. It is important to do a research in order to get to know on what is all about this project. Next chapter will discuss about the steps of methodology of developing power windows safety system.

WEEK 3 (FYP 2)

WEEK 3


because the result of starting current of the motor cannot be get at the lab i do my own research at internet about the development of the power windows of the motor. and found that there have someone already research about the project.

http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5989-7805EN.pdf

The above link is about the similar research that i need to find.